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Any swap in which the non-floating rate side is based on the total return of an equity or fixed income instrument with a life longer than the swap. Total return swaps are most common in equity or physical commodity markets, but they can be used in fixed income markets where the non-domestic holder of a fixed income security would be subject to a withholding tax, but where the withholding tax may be avoided if the debt instrument is held by a domestic investor who pays the total return to a foreign investor by way of a total return swap. Total return swaps are also used to transfer credit exposure.
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